How to write a great web link

A link is a signpost, a promise. If a customer clicks on your link they are spending their time. Don’t make them waste it.

There are two types of links: navigation links (also called classification or menu links), and the links that are part of the body text of the page.

Links should embody the action. They should be written like a heading. Ideally, all you should need to do is read the link to decide whether to click or not. People only read as much as they absolutely have to before clicking. What’s wrong with the following link?

Customer satisfaction survey: 2006

The critical year information is at the end. Many people will be looking for the 2008 survey, scan across the first three words and click. So, to avoid this sort of situation do this:

2006 customer satisfaction survey

Lead with the need. Start with the most essential information. Avoid “click here.”

When linking with a graphic make sure there is a very clear call to action and that this call to action unmistakeably looks like a button or a link (blue and underline).

Graphics as links are rarely effective either in the left or right column. (People think they’re ads.) We had a situation where a graphic link for “Apply now for your rebate”, placed in the left column of the first screen, got nine times fewer clicks than the text link “Apply now for your rebate” which was three screenfuls of content down the page, but in the center column.

A text link should look like a link. Use the standard blue and underline. Why would you do anything else? There are reasons why signposts, even across international borders, are consistent and familiar. It facilitates navigation, and the essence of a link is to help someone navigate.

John is driving down the motorway in ‘We’re-Different-Land.’ In this country the traffic lights use green for stop and red for go. They want tourists to have a unique, unforgettable experience. And their signposts are very special. Signposts are considered ugly and We’re-Different-Land is a very pretty country. So, in order for the signposts to blend in, they all have green curtains that are kept closed.

For John to know where he’s going he has to stop his car, get out and pull open the curtain. Then he knows that Cooltown is 60 kilometres away. There is a polite sign under each signpost saying: ‘When you are finished please close the curtain. Thank you.’

Crazy, right? Well, web designers do this a lot. They create links that are subtle, with no underline, that integrate well with the rest of the page’s je ne sais quoi. (That’s a French phrase.) The only way you often know a link is a link is if you hover your mouse over it and the cursor gives you the finger. Go figure that.

Place the link at the point of action. A good web writer is constantly thinking about the journey the customer is on and placing links at appropriate decision points in that journey.

What do you think of customers who have reached the bottom of one of your webpages? They’re engaged; they’re interested. I once worked with an electronics company who had a “Buy” link to the shop at the top of each product page but none at the bottom. We added a Buy link to the bottom of each product page and doubled the number of purchases.

 

9 responses


  1. I really like the road signage analogy for links. In our accessibility work at AccEase we are always pushing that message as it works so well for everyone. We use the controlled pedestrian crossing with the many ways to indicate it is safe to cross to illustrate the principles of universal design as applied to web sites and accessible information generally.


  2. Right on target… add this note. When I review higher education websites, I often find links that do not go directly where the visitor might reasonably expect them to go. Instant frustration.

    Imagine taking the trouble to stop your car, pull back the curtain… and find out not how far it is to Cooltown, but when it was founded and a review of the new mission statement. Maybe the 5th point down gives you the distance.


  3. “They create links that are subtle, with no underline, that integrate well with the rest of the page’s je ne sais quoi. […] The only way you often know a link is a link is if you hover your mouse over it and the cursor gives you the finger.”

    Hum, you mean, like the links in this site’s side columns? ;)


  4. Excellent as ever - I love the traffic light analogy.

    I think the reason why so many people don’t ‘get’ links is because links, more than anything else, are what sets web communication apart from print communication.

    In print, information is presented in a linear fashion and the closest one can get to non-linear is a footnote or a parenthesis saying “see page 25″. So people only give thought to the order in which information is presented.

    On the web, every unit of information (do we have a word for a unit of information? I think we need one) has a potential relationship with every other [insert snappy neologism here]. People consider content without considering structure. They write the page as if it was a printed page and then, as an afterthought, stick a few links in - instead of writing the page around the links so that content and structure are mutually supportive.

    It’s also interesting about the effectiveness of image links. An image is only useful if it clearly and unambiguously conveys the message of what is on the other side of the link. But that means that often people will only recognise the image’s significance if they are already familiar with whatever it points to. So it’s not a good way of generating new custom.


  5. Hugo, I stand accused! It wouldn’t do that if I could help it, but I haven’t been able to manipulate the template properly (poor excuse). On my main sites (gerrymcgovern.com and customercarewords.com), I do try and eat my own dog food …


  6. All good points, but how about the link title attribute? How much can you rely on that to inform users about where a link is going? Are you from the “title attribute for absolutely every link” school? I find that irritating and that it doesn’t add to usability, but there are plenty of people who disagree with me in my office.


  7. Kate, I don’t use the link title attribute at all. I think if you write your link well enough there should be enough information in it to allow the persn to decide whether they want to click or not.


  8. Gerry, left navigation can (and in most cases should) be styled without the underline text decoration. I absolutely agree with you on the point of underlining contextual hyperlinks (within the text of the content area). We even did a usability study on that point last year and found clear evidence to support your claim of visitor confusion when contextual links aren’t underlined. But so far nobody on our site has been confused about the navigation that isn’t underlined. People browsing the web easily make the leap to expect the text in the navigation location to be functional links.

    The rest of your article is spot-on… keep it up!


  9. Ted, agree with you about the left navigation and how it doesn’t require underline.

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